AN attack by a rogue Afghan soldier who shot dead three Australians and wounded seven others was premeditated but a year on defence still doesn't know why he acted.
Neither is the Australian Defence Force (ADF) sure why 10 days later another Afghan soldier opened fire on Australians at another patrol base, wounding three.
In the first attack, on October 29, 2011, Sergeant Darwish Khan opened fire on a group of Australians and Afghans after a routine morning parade at Patrol Base Sorkh Bed in northern Kandahar province.
Killed were Captain Bryce Duffy, 26, Corporal Ashley Birt, 22, Lance Corporal Luke Gavin, 29, an Afghan interpreter and Darwish himself. Seven Australians and two Afghans were wounded.
On November 8, at Patrol Base Nasir in Oruzgan province, Mohammad Rozi opened fire on soldiers relaxing at the end of the day, wounding three Australian and two Afghan soldiers.
Rozi fled in an Afghan National Army (ANA) vehicle. He remains on the run and has appeared in insurgent propaganda videos.
With the deaths of three more Australian soldiers at the hands of a rogue Afghan soldier in August this year and the first insider attack that killed Lance Corporal Andrew Jones on May 30 last year, seven Australians have now died in so-called insider or "green on blue" attacks.
Releasing reports on Friday into the two incidents last year, the vice chief of the Australian Defence Force (ADF), Air Marshal Mark Binskin, said Australian, coalition and Afghan forces had suffered a number of insider attacks but no two had been the same.
Darwish had clearly seized an opportunity to target Australians but gave no explanation and a close colleague, who might have been able to help, went absent without leave a few days before the attack.
There was no evidence Darwish was connected to the Afghan insurgency.
"The inquiry officer identified some evidence that other ANA members were aware of Darwish's intent before the shooting," Air Marshal Binskin told reporters in Canberra.
"A subsequent intelligence review ... showed there was no evidence that anyone colluded with him but we could never be quite sure about whether someone may have known or suspected."
There was no evidence Rozi had insurgent leanings before his attack but it appeared local sympathisers helped him escape.
Air Marshall Biskin said efforts to capture Rozi and Sergeant Hekmattulah, who shot dead the three Australians on August 29 this year, were continuing.
"They are murderers and attempted murderers and we will pull out all efforts to apprehend them and bring them to justice. There is no place on this planet that they can feel safe," he said.
Following each insider attack, defence has reviewed force protection measures and made adjustments.
The Australian task group has now ended routine patrolling with Afghan units and withdrawn from outlying patrol bases back to the main base at Tarin Kowt, which in theory is reducing opportunities for insider attacks.
Air Marshal Biskin warned that Australians still did dangerous work in Afghanistan.
"SOTG (special operation task group) operates outside the wire quite regularly," he said.
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